Which term refers to the total or partial loss of the power to use or understand words?

• A. Aphasia
• B. Dyslexia
• C. Alzheimer’s disease
• D. Apraxia

Answer: (A)

The term that refers to the total or partial loss of the power to use or understand words is aphasia. Aphasia is typically the result of damage to areas of the brain responsible for language, which can occur due to various reasons such as stroke, head injury, or brain tumors. Individuals with aphasia may struggle with speaking, writing, or comprehending language, affecting their ability to communicate effectively.

In contrast, dyslexia specifically relates to difficulties in reading and processing written language, not a loss of the power to use or understand words in general. Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurological condition that affects cognitive function, but it encompasses a broader spectrum of symptoms, including memory loss and changes in behavior. Apraxia refers to difficulty with the motor planning needed to perform tasks or movements when asked, which doesn't specifically correlate to the use or understanding of words. Thus, among the options provided, aphasia is the term that most accurately describes the loss of language abilities.