Which of the following endocrine conditions is a risk factor for osteoporosis?

• A. Hypothyroidism
• B. Primary hyperparathyroidism
• C. Cushing's syndrome
• D. Polycystic ovary syndrome

Answer: (B)

Primary hyperparathyroidism is recognized as a significant risk factor for osteoporosis due to its impact on calcium metabolism and bone health. This condition involves an overproduction of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which leads to increased bone resorption. In this state, calcium is released from the bones into the bloodstream, which can result in decreased bone density over time. The excess PTH stimulates osteoclasts, the cells responsible for bone breakdown, thereby contributing to bone loss and increasing the likelihood of developing osteoporosis.

Additionally, the elevated levels of calcium in the serum can mask the ongoing loss of bone density, making it crucial to monitor bone health in individuals with primary hyperparathyroidism. The association between this endocrine disorder and osteoporosis highlights the importance of evaluating patients with abnormal osteoporotic findings for possible underlying hyperparathyroidism, especially in older adults.

The other conditions listed, while they have their own health implications, do not have the same direct effect on bone metabolism as primary hyperparathyroidism.