Which lifestyle factor is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis?

• A. Regular exercise
• B. High calcium intake
• C. Smoking
• D. Healthy diet

Answer: (C)

Smoking is a significant lifestyle factor that is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis. Research has shown that tobacco use can adversely affect bone health in several ways. For instance, smoking can decrease the absorption of calcium, which is essential for maintaining bone density. Additionally, smoking has been linked to lower estrogen levels in women, which can lead to accelerated bone loss, particularly after menopause.

Moreover, the harmful chemicals present in cigarette smoke may contribute to bone resorption, the process by which bone is broken down and calcium is released into the bloodstream, ultimately leading to weaker bones and an increased risk of fractures. Understanding the impact of smoking on bone health underscores the importance of lifestyle modifications for the prevention of osteoporosis.