What typically results from primary hyperparathyroidism?

• A. Increased bone density
• B. Excess secretion of parathyroid hormone
• C. Decline in calcium levels
• D. Reduced risk of fractures

Answer: (B)

In primary hyperparathyroidism, there is an overproduction of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid glands. This condition typically arises due to a benign tumor on one of the glands, leading to elevated levels of PTH in the bloodstream. PTH plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the body. When there is an excess secretion of this hormone, it leads to an increase in calcium levels in the blood, which can result in various metabolic disturbances.

The excess PTH triggers the release of calcium from bones, increases intestinal absorption of calcium, and reduces renal excretion of calcium, thereby raising serum calcium levels. Over time, this process can lead to decreased bone density, as calcium is withdrawn from the bones, potentially increasing the risk of fractures rather than reducing it. Therefore, the hallmark of primary hyperparathyroidism is indeed the excess production of parathyroid hormone, making it the correct choice in this context.