What role does estrogen play in bone health?

• A. Enhances calcium absorption
• B. Inhibits bone resorption
• C. Stimulates bone formation
• D. Reduces fractures directly

Answer: (B)

Estrogen plays a vital role in bone health primarily by inhibiting bone resorption, which is the process where bone tissue is broken down and minerals are released into the blood. This occurs through the regulation of osteoclasts, the cells responsible for bone resorption. When estrogen levels are adequate, they help to maintain a balance between bone formation and bone resorption, leading to healthier bone density and strength.

In the absence of sufficient estrogen, such as during menopause, the inhibitory effect on osteoclast activity is reduced. This results in increased bone resorption and a higher risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Therefore, the role of estrogen in inhibiting bone resorption directly contributes to maintaining bone density and overall bone health, making it a key factor in preventing conditions associated with bone loss.