What lifestyle factor is a risk for developing osteoporosis?

• A. Regular physical activity
• B. Moderate alcohol consumption
• C. Excessive smoking
• D. High calcium intake

Answer: (C)

Excessive smoking is recognized as a significant risk factor for developing osteoporosis due to its negative impact on bone health. Smoking can interfere with the body's ability to absorb calcium, an essential mineral for bone formation, leading to a decrease in bone density over time. Moreover, smoking has been found to affect hormone levels and may induce bone loss, particularly in postmenopausal women.

In contrast, regular physical activity is typically associated with stronger bones due to the positive effects of weight-bearing exercises on bone density. Moderate alcohol consumption, when managed properly, may not have a significant detrimental effect on bone health but excessive alcohol intake can pose risks. High calcium intake is considered protective against osteoporosis, as calcium is vital for maintaining healthy bones. Thus, understanding how lifestyle factors like smoking can contribute to osteoporosis risk is essential for promoting better bone health.