What is the primary responsibility of osteocytes?

• A. Building new bone
• B. Maintaining existing bone
• C. Resorbing old bone
• D. Forming the bone matrix

Answer: (B)

Osteocytes are the most abundant cells in bone tissue and arise from osteoblasts that become trapped within the bone matrix they helped to create. Their primary responsibility is to maintain existing bone by regulating the mineral content and the overall health of the bone structure. They do this through various means, including signaling to other bone cells, such as osteoblasts and osteoclasts, to manage the balance between bone formation and resorption. Osteocytes detect mechanical stress on the bone and can influence the activity of other cells to respond to changes in load and strain, thus playing a crucial role in bone remodeling and maintenance of bone density.

The other choices describe functions that are associated with different types of bone cells. For instance, building new bone is primarily the responsibility of osteoblasts. Resorption of old bone is carried out by osteoclasts, which are specialized cells that break down bone tissue. Forming the bone matrix is also associated with osteoblasts, as they produce the matrix components necessary for bone formation. Understanding the specific roles of these cells highlights how they work together to maintain healthy bone tissue.