What is the function of osteoclasts in bone remodeling?

• A. Forming new bone
• B. Dissolving bone mineral
• C. Maintaining existing bone
• D. Line the surface of bone

Answer: (B)

Osteoclasts play a crucial role in bone remodeling by dissolving bone mineral and resorbing bone tissue. They are large, multinucleated cells that break down bone by secreting acids and enzymes that dissolve the mineral components of bone and degrade the collagen matrix. This process is essential for bone resorption, allowing for the release of calcium and phosphorous into the bloodstream and facilitating the overall maintenance of bone health.

The function of osteoclasts is especially important in the context of bone remodeling, where they work in concert with osteoblasts, which are responsible for bone formation. The coordinated action of these cell types ensures a balance between bone resorption and formation, allowing the skeleton to adapt to mechanical stress and repair micro-damage. By dissolving bone mineral, osteoclasts help maintain calcium homeostasis and facilitate the remodeling process, making them integral to the health and strength of bones.