What is the function of IGF-1 during puberty?

• A. Reduces skeletal growth
• B. Stimulates both bone resorption and formation
• C. Halts bone development
• D. Inhibits hormone production

Answer: (B)

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays a crucial role in promoting growth and development during puberty, particularly in the context of skeletal growth. It is produced in response to growth hormone and has anabolic effects on bone. Specifically, IGF-1 stimulates both bone resorption and bone formation, facilitating the process of bone modeling and remodeling that is necessary for achieving peak bone mass during growth spurts in adolescence.

During puberty, IGF-1 levels increase significantly, contributing to the acceleration of longitudinal growth in long bones. This hormone promotes the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, which are the cells responsible for new bone formation. At the same time, it also has a role in regulating osteoclast activity, the cells involved in bone resorption, thus ensuring a balanced remodeling of bone structures.

Understanding the role of IGF-1 is essential in the field of bone densitometry as it helps to explain the physiological changes that occur during periods of rapid growth, emphasizing the importance of this hormone in overall skeletal health and development.