What information is plotted on the reference graph used in BMD assessments?

• A. Age and gender
• B. T-scores and Z-scores
• C. Bone density values
• D. Patient weight and height

Answer: (B)

In bone mineral density (BMD) assessments, the reference graph primarily plots T-scores and Z-scores to evaluate an individual's bone density in comparison to established norms.

T-scores compare a patient's bone density to that of a healthy young adult of the same gender, indicating how far the patient's measurement deviates from the average peak bone mass. This is essential for diagnosing osteoporosis and determining fracture risk. Z-scores, on the other hand, compare a patient's bone density to that of a peer group, which is typically based on age and gender. This helps in understanding how the patient's bone density measures up within their demographic context.

By focusing on T-scores and Z-scores, healthcare providers can make informed decisions regarding diagnosis and treatment plans that address bone health, which is critical in managing conditions like osteoporosis effectively.