New bone is formed by which type of cells?

• A. Osteoclasts
• B. Osteoblasts
• C. Chondrocytes
• D. Fibroblasts

Answer: (B)

New bone formation is primarily the function of osteoblasts, which are specialized cells responsible for the synthesis of bone matrix and the mineralization process that leads to bone growth and healing. These cells play a critical role in ossification, which involves the secretion of proteins and the deposition of minerals, particularly calcium and phosphate, to form new bone tissue.

Osteoblasts arise from precursor cells in the bone marrow and are influenced by various factors including hormones and mechanical stress. Once they have created a sufficient amount of bone matrix, some osteoblasts may become embedded in the matrix and differentiate into osteocytes, which then help regulate bone maintenance.

In the context of the other choices, osteoclasts are responsible for the resorption of bone, removing old or damaged bone tissue, while chondrocytes are involved in cartilage formation rather than direct bone formation. Fibroblasts primarily produce collagen and extracellular matrix in connective tissues but do not have a specific role in the formation of bone. Thus, osteoblasts are uniquely suited for the task of forming new bone.