In assessing fracture risk, which of the following factors does FRAX consider?

• A. Gender only
• B. Clinical risk factors and bone mineral density
• C. Bone density only
• D. Age and weight only

Answer: (B)

The correct answer is B, as the FRAX tool is designed to evaluate fracture risk by considering a combination of clinical risk factors along with bone mineral density (BMD). FRAX calculates the 10-year probability of a major osteoporotic fracture or hip fracture for individuals using specific input factors, making it a comprehensive assessment tool.

FRAX takes into account several clinical risk factors, such as age, gender, personal history of fractures, family history of hip fractures, use of corticosteroids, current smoking status, excessive alcohol consumption, and rheumatoid arthritis, among others. Additionally, it integrates BMD measurements, which provide an important measure of bone strength and health. This multifaceted approach allows for a more accurate estimation of fracture risk tailored to individual patients, rather than relying on a single factor.

In contrast, options that mention only gender, bone density alone, or solely age and weight wouldn't capture the complexity of fracture risk assessment as intended by FRAX, which relies on a broader set of variables to enhance its predictive value.